| Uses: | | • | Boiled, mixed with porcupine fat, and taken as a physic [Mi'kmaq: 43]. | | • | Bark : | Boiled, then water is used to stop cramps and retching [Algonquians 63]. , whereas pulp is used as a poultice for sore eyes [Algonquin 75]. Steeped in water and taken for fever, stomach cramps, kidney problems, and asthma [Mi'kmaq 62]. Tea used in diphtheria [Mi'kmaq 43]. | | • | Leaves : | Used in fits [Mi'kmaq 62]. | | • | Bark and leaves : | Used to cover body to treat fever or festers [Mi'kmaq 43]. | | • | Twigs : | Boiled and drunk to purify blood [Mi'kmaq 60]. |
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