| • | Astringent and styptic [Ojibwa: 47]. |
| • | Roots : | Mixed with roots of Pulsatilla hirsutissima in a decoction taken in lung trouble. Decoction taken to treat lung hemmorhage. Combined with bear fat and used as a hair ointment. Decoction used for mouth haemorrhage, as a tonic, and to treat cuts and wounds. Infusion taken to ease labor during childbirth. Boiled and used as a warm compress to treat sprain of strained muscles [Ojibwa 47]. |
| • | Roots and stem : | Decoction taken as a tonic and stimulant [Ojibwa 47]. |
| • | Leaves : | Dried and used to make a decoction given in fever [Ojibwa 47]. |
| • | Stem : | Combined with bear fat and used as a hair ointment. Boiled and used as a warm compress to treat sprain of strained muscles [Ojibwa 47]. |